Why the study?
Does sequential administration of IPV and OPV improve humoral and mucosal immunity compared to IPV or OPV alone in infants?
Does sequential administration of IPV and OPV improve humoral and mucosal immunity compared to IPV or OPV alone in infants?
Sequential IPV-OPV immunization schedules in infants effectively induce humoral and mucosal immunity, supporting the recommendation of two IPV doses followed by two OPV doses.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Supports sequential IPV-OPV schedules in infants; confirms effective humoral and mucosal immunity with two IPV plus two OPV doses.
The relative immunity induced by sequential administration of inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) produced in human diploid cells and live attenuated oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) was evaluated by randomization of 510 infants to receive IPV and OPV sequentially according to one of three experimental schedules, IPV only, or OPV only. The antibody response to two IPV doses was lower than expected. However, for each of the IPV-OPV sequential schedules, the first OPV dose significantly enhanced seroconversion rates and geometric mean microneutralization antibody titers. Three months after the final dose, 96%-99%, 99%-100%, and 81%-100% of infants had antibodies to poliovirus types 1, 2, and 3, respectively, and subjects with two or more prior OPV doses were significantly less likely than those with none or one prior OPV dose to excrete virus in feces after an OPV challenge. Sequential IPV-OPV immunization is now recommended for routine use in the United States. The optimal schedule consists of two IPV doses followed by two OPV doses.
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Modlin et al. (1997) studied this question.
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